三级aa视频在线观看-三级国产-三级国产精品一区二区-三级国产三级在线-三级国产在线

張明權(quán)

昨天，交通委發(fā)布9月份交通擁堵狀況工作報告，9月份交通擁堵指數(shù)比去年同期提高10.3%。報告還提出，下一步，本市將啟動2013年保障交通暢通措施的研究。重點研究深入推進彈性工作制和錯時上下班工作方案，評估在特定時段、特定區(qū)域?qū)嵭袡C動車單雙號限行措施的可行性。這項措施若評估通過，相比目前的尾號限行，特定時段、特定區(qū)域?qū)嵭懈鼑绤柕南尢柎胧?/a>

譯題二：黃金周國外搶中國游客

我們感覺在國內(nèi)的情況是世界原本是有路的，走的人多了也就沒路，在這兒狂堵，但是沒想到還有那么多的中國人去刺激了外需，也就是肥水都流了外人田了。

在法國巴黎的一家小店上都貼著“鵝肝醬”、“朱古力好吃”，都是用中文寫的。還有一個更有意思的是咱們游客制造的對國家非常有用的一種宣傳，意大利威尼斯的一家百貨店門口，為了迎接中國游客，在店外頭赫然寫著幾個大字：“釣魚島是中國的！”事實是如此，但是你想想，他已經(jīng)用這句話來吸引中國游客了，寧可去得罪日本游客，可見中國游客的這種消費能力和人數(shù)是壓倒性的優(yōu)勢。

參考譯文：

Chinese tourists are wooed overseas in the Golden Week

I didn’t expect to see so many Chinese tourists pouring abroad to boost the foreign economy for free, though China boasts the traffic congestion that drives at the parody (on a quote from Lu Xun, a celebrated Chinese writer in the 20th century) that “For actually the earth had many roads to begin with, but when too many men pass one way, a road is blocked”.

Posters in Chinese characters saying “foie gras” and “delicious chocolate” are seen on the wall of a small shop in Paris. What amuses me most is that a staring slogan in Chinese saying that “Diaoyu Island belongs to China!” is hung outside a department store in Venice, Italy to cater to the patriotism of Chinese tourists. This certainly should be listed as a contribution that Chinese tourists have made to the cause of the international publicity of China. Besides stating the fact, the slogan in defiance of the Japanese concern is written conspicuously to attract the Chinese tourists who enjoy an overwhelming superiority to other tourists in population and potential of consumption.

本譯題中的“世界原本是有路的，走的人多了也就沒路”明顯是對魯迅小說《故鄉(xiāng)》最后的一段文字“世界上本沒有路，走的人多了，便成了路”的仿擬(parody)。仿擬是一種非常獨特的修辭手段，“它有意仿照人們熟知的現(xiàn)成的語言材料，根據(jù)表達的需要臨時創(chuàng)造出新的語、句、篇來，以使語言生動活潑，或諷刺嘲弄，或幽默詼諧，妙趣盎然。（百度百科）” 例如：

Modern journalism justifies its own existence by the great Darwinian principle of the survival of the vulgarest. ——Oscar Wilde

現(xiàn)代的新聞工作，以“最庸俗者生存”的偉大的達爾文式的原則來為自己的存在辯護。

王爾德的名言所提到的the survival of the vulgarest就是對達爾文生物進化論原則the survival of the fittest的仿擬。

那么這里對魯迅名言的仿擬改如何翻譯為好呢？魯迅原句是這樣翻譯的：（It is just like roads across the earth.) For actually the earth had no roads to begin with, but when many men pass one way, a road is made. 那么我們仿一下大概可以說：For actually the earth had many roads to begin with, but when too many men pass one way, a road is blocked. 但問題是英語讀者不可能知道這句話是對魯迅文字的仿擬，所以必須在譯文中加入適當(dāng)?shù)慕忉尅?/p>

再者這段文字整體上采取了幽默的口吻來敘述作者在海外的所見所聞，所以在翻譯時應(yīng)注意使用此類措辭，請注意參考譯文中boost, boast, contribution等詞所包含的隱含意義。下面選取一段網(wǎng)友的譯文點評：

There is one of the groceries in Pairs, France showing placards in Chinese version, such as “鵝肝醬”(goose liver paste)、“朱古力好吃”(delicious chocolates). And interestingly, as the surging of Chinese visitors, the policy of territorial integrity in China is getting far-reaching around the world. For catching the eyes of Chinese tourists, a bold headline of “釣魚島是中國的!”(Diaoyu Island belongs to China) is showed strikingly outside one of the department stores of Venice, Italy. In fact, the foreign department of such kinds, ignoring of the feeling of Japanese travelers, tended to increase their earnings in similar ways. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the Chinese travelers are comparatively overwhelming in their purchasing and proportion.

第一句中，one of the groceries應(yīng)該改為a grocery, 因為這里并沒有限定一個范圍；in Chinese version不夠具體，應(yīng)為Chinese characters。第二句as the surging of Chinese visitors中的as明顯應(yīng)改為with。第三句中for catching the eyes應(yīng)改為to catch the eyes，headline是新聞標題的意思，掛在店外面的應(yīng)該是橫幅(banner)或口號(slogan); one of the department stores犯了和第一句一樣的錯誤。第四句用department代替department store是錯誤的，如果有store倒是可以的，因為后者是上一詞，以屬差代替整詞的情況不是沒有，但一定要遵循語言的使用習(xí)慣。最后一句用被動語態(tài)，割斷了和上一句的聯(lián)系，應(yīng)改為主動語態(tài)，all these phenomena showed that…，以銜接上文的事件。

譯題三：莫言獲獎后遭遇幸福式煩惱

2012年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎未頒之前，中國作家莫言已是“麻煩”纏身。因為登上博彩公司賠率榜榜首，莫言時而被傳給諾獎評委好處費，時而被媒體追問對諾獎的看法。一貫低調(diào)的莫言，索性回到山東老家“躲清凈”。而獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎后，莫言更可謂遭遇到了幸福的煩惱。

在接受央視采訪時，莫言被董倩追問“你幸福嗎”，給出的答案是“我不知道”。因為在他看來，“幸福”就是什么都不想，一切都放下，身體健康，精神沒有什么壓力。莫言坦言，“我現(xiàn)在壓力很大，憂慮重重，能幸福么？我要說不幸福，那也太裝了吧。剛得諾貝爾獎，能說不幸福嗎？”

Blissful vexation visits Mo Yan the Nobel Prize winner

Even before winning the Nobel Prize in Literature, Mo Yan, one of the most famous modern writers, had already been ridden by “troubles” of all kinds. Since his name topped the odds list of a lottery firm, rumors spread that he had bribed members of the Nobel Prize Committee, and he had repeatedly been entreated by reporters to voice his opinion about the Nobel Prize. A person to have kept a low profile, Mo Yan went back to his hometown in Shandong to “shun the spotlight”. After he won the Nobel Prize, he began to suffer from the so-called blissful vexation.

When interviewed by Dong Qian from CCTV to answer the question of “Are you happy?”, Mo Yan gave the simple answer of “I don’t know”. To him, happiness consists in clearing everything out of one’s mind, having nothing to care about, keeping a sound health, and shaking off all spiritual burdens. “When I am heavily burdened by my fame, how can I say I am happy? But as one of this year’s Nobel Prize winners, how dare I pretend to say I am not happy at all?”

這段文字中比較難翻譯的是所謂的矛盾修辭法。矛盾修辭法（Oxymoron）用兩種不相調(diào)和，甚至截然相反的詞語來形容一件事物，起到一種強烈的修辭效果，使得所表達的語義更強烈（百度百科）。網(wǎng)友對文中的“幸福式煩惱”給出的譯文包括：happy problems, the "troubles' as well as "happiness" at the same time, the annoying question of "are you happy?", happy troubles, the dilemma between happy and unhappy, happy style of annoy, the problem of happiness, etc. 根據(jù)矛盾修辭法的一般組合方式，最好采用形容詞修飾名詞的方式來翻譯，比如happy worry，但如果從翻譯學(xué)的角度，采用解釋性也無不可。下面選取一段文字做具體點評：

Mo Yan, a Chinese writer,was overwhelmed by troubles before the 2012 Nobel Literature Prize was conferred on him.Topping the list of the lotter firm in terms of the losing rate, Mo Yan was once rumoured to offer bribe to the Nobel panel of judges and later was inquired by the press of his opinion of the Nobel Prize. As one who keeps a low profile consistently, he went back to his hometown in Shangdong decidedly for a solitude. Having received the Nobel Prize ,he even fell into the grip of the happy troubles.

第一句中的時態(tài)有點問題，既然是在什么之前，就應(yīng)該用過去完成時。第二句中l(wèi)osing rate不是賠率的意思，賠率是odds；offer的時態(tài)應(yīng)該為完成時，否則無法表示莫言被懷疑賄賂發(fā)生的時間，inquire的句型使用錯誤，因為這個詞所涉及的句型是inquire sth of sb.。第三句中decidedly for a solitude不符合文中“躲清靜”的原意，因為這里強調(diào)的主要是免受打擾，而非獲取清靜本身。

本文僅代表作者本人觀點，與本網(wǎng)立場無關(guān)。歡迎大家討論學(xué)術(shù)問題，尊重他人，禁止人身攻擊和發(fā)布一切違反國家現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)的內(nèi)容。

更多文章

陌生的熟面孔

遲到的點評

翻譯不要受到其它譯文的影響

新詞、新詞、新詞

學(xué)好母語勤練習(xí) 改進譯文質(zhì)量

一詞多義難決斷？上下文是關(guān)鍵

我們有權(quán)創(chuàng)造英語單詞嗎？

“作者說話”還是“譯者說話”？ --談一談譯者的角色身份認同

專有名詞 不可隨心而譯

翻譯與語法分析

翻譯與語境隱含信息

中國文化歸來

英漢構(gòu)詞法差異與翻譯

理解與表達

全球化語境中的翻譯

在“歸化”的背后

“事業(yè)單位”如何翻譯？

“譯”無止境：敘事、詞源、常識

翻譯中的“詳”與“略”

翻譯中如何準確把握詞義？

翻譯的確定與不確定

“譯”、“異”、“移”

“變通翻譯”的是是非非

理解語言與理解事實

翻譯中的“經(jīng)驗法則”

翻譯與模仿

也談“信、達、雅”

作為文化中介的翻譯

一次糾錯之旅

中國英語“給力”！

翻譯與措辭

翻譯偏離與補償

點擊進入譯點通

專家簡介：

張明權(quán)，安徽省固鎮(zhèn)縣人，江蘇大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院副教授，英語語言文學(xué)碩士，上外博士課程班進修。主要從事英語語言學(xué)和翻譯學(xué)研究，在國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)期刊發(fā)表論文10余篇，出版譯著兩部，發(fā)表其他文章20余篇，有大量翻譯實踐經(jīng)驗，翻譯總字數(shù)接近200萬。Email: mqzhang@ujs.edu.cn。

（作者：張明權(quán) 中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 編輯：Julie）